Which constitutional provision prevents the government from establishing a national religion?

• A. Free Exercise Clause
• B. Due Process Clause
• C. Equal Protection Clause
• D. Establishment Clause

Answer: (D)

The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment prohibits the government from establishing an official religion or favoring one faith over others. It keeps the state neutral in religious matters, preventing a national church or laws that promote a particular religion. This is distinct from the Free Exercise Clause, which protects individuals’ rights to practice their religion, and from the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses, which deal with fair procedures and equal treatment under the law. So, when asked which provision stops the government from setting up a national religion, the Establishment Clause is the direct answer because its essential purpose is to maintain government neutrality toward religion.